FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The Model OM820 is a multi-wavelength spectrophotometer comprised of a
long life (10,000 hrs) , low voltage halogen light source, silicon
photodiode array detector, embedded computer and software with sophisticated
algorithms integrated into an easy to use instrument. State of the art
fiber optic components deliver high signal to noise ratio and long-term
stability. The photodiode array allows the entire range of individual
wavelengths in the spectrum to be detected simultaneously and is especially
suitable for resolving low level signals in a noisy environment. A curve
fitting approach to layer termination further assists in detecting and
controlling small signals in a environment when dispensing materials like
SiO2 on glass substrates.
Transmission Mode
The light is illuminated from the bottom (or Top) of the chamber by the light
source probe. The light will transmit through the test chip and into the
transmission probe on the top (or bottom) of the chamber. The light is collected
in the probe and focused into a fiber where it is transferred to the spectrometer
for analysis. See Figure 1 for illustration.
Reflection Mode
The light is illuminated from the bottom of the chamber by the light source probe.
The light will reflect from the test chip and back down to the bottom of chamber
to the reflection probe. The light is collected in the probe and focused into a
fiber where it is transferred to the spectrometer for analysis. See Figure 1 for
illustration.
Endpoint Techniques
The optical monitor is capable of using several techniques for controlling the
thickness of each layer.. The techniques are described below.
Quarter Wave
The quarter wave technique is the most common technique used in the deposition
industry. It consists of monitoring a single wavelength vs time during the
coating process. During this time, the single wavelength intensity signal will
change due to the constructive and destructive wavelength interference, based on
the refractive index of the film being deposited. From the wavelength and
refractive index of the material, the film thickness can be calculated.
Wavelength /(Refractive Index)
An illustration of multiple quarter wave reflectivity is shown in Figure 3.
Template Match
In the Template Match technique the raw collected spectrum is compared to a
predicted simulation from a simulation software like Essential Macleod.
The algorithm uses a variation of a Root Means Squared comparison to identify
the match. A single file of templates are used to control all layers.
See figure 4 for illustration.
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